Code Talker: The First and Only Memoir By One of the Original Navajo Code Talkers of WWII

In early November 1942, Nez and his fellow code talker Roy found themselves in foxholes on Guadalcanal, enduring nightly bombing raids from Japanese aircraft nicknamed “Midnight Charlie.” The code talkers carried standard military equipment plus medical supplies, including sulfur powder for wound treatment.

Lieutenant Hunt, who was initially skeptical of the Navajo code, conducted a test comparing it to the traditional “Shackle” code system. A message estimated to require four hours using the conventional method took the code talkers only two and a half minutes to transmit accurately. This demonstration convinced Hunt of the code’s effectiveness, though some communication officers initially mistook the Navajo transmissions for enemy broadcasts.

The code talkers established protocols for their messages, including identifying phrases and time stamps. They developed contingency plans for capture scenarios and coordinated with runners who delivered combat information from the front lines. Their messages enabled precise artillery strikes against enemy positions, though they frequently needed to relocate to avoid becoming targets themselves.

Working in pairs, the code talkers operated their radios continuously for extended periods, often exceeding 24 hours without rest. They transmitted crucial information about troop movements, casualty numbers, and supply needs while maintaining perfect accuracy despite exhaustion and combat conditions. The complex terrain of Guadalcanal made their role particularly vital for coordinating artillery support without endangering American troops.